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MAGNETIC ACTUATORS AND SENSORS
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9780471731696 | |
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BRAUER | |
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全華科技 | |
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2006年3月24日
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382.00 元
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HK$ 362.9
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詳
細
資
料
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* 叢書系列：實用電機
* 規格：精裝 / 308頁 / 普級 / 單色印刷 / 初版
* 出版地：台灣
實用電機
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內
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This practical text features computer-aided engineering methods for the design and application of magnetic actuators and sensors, using the latest software tools. John Brauer highlights the use of the electromagnetic finite element software package Maxwell?SV and introduces readers to applications using SPICE, MATLAB? and Simplorer? A free download of Maxwell?SV is available at the Ansoft site, and the software files for the examples are available at ftp://ftp.wiley.com/public/sci_tech_med/magnetic_actuators.
Part One, Magnetics, offers an introduction to magnetic actuators and sensors as well as basic electromagnetics, followed by an examination of the reluctance method, the finite element method, magnetic force, and other magnetic performance parameters Part Two, Actuators, explores DC actuators, AC actuators, and magnetic actuator transient operation Part Three, Sensors, details Hall effect and magnetoresistance as they apply to sensing position. Readers are introduced to many other types of magnetic sensors Part Four, Systems, covers aspects of systems common to both magnetic actuators and sensors, including coil design and temperature calculations, electromagnetic compatibility, electromechanical finite elements, and electromechanical analysis using system models. The final chapter sets forth the advantages of electrohydraulic systems that incorporate magnetic actuators and/or sensors
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目
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Preface xi
Part I Magnetics 1
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Overview of Magnetic Actuators 3
1.2 Overview of Magnetic Sensors 4
1.3 Actuators and Sensors in Motion Control Systems 5
References 6
2 Basic Electromagnetics 7
2.1 Vectors 7
2.1.1 Gradient 7
2.1.2 Divergence 9
2.1.3 Curl 9
2.2 Ampere’s Law 12
2.3 Magnetic Materials 15
2.4 Faraday’s Law 18
2.5 Potentials 22
2.6 Maxwell’s Equations 24
Problems 26
References 28
3 Reluctance Method 29
3.1 Simplifying Ampere’s Law 29
3.2 Applications 32
3.3 Fringing Flux 36
3.4 Complex Reluctance 36
3.5 Limitations 37
Problems 37
References 37
4 Finite-Element Method 39
4.1 Energy Conservation and Functional Minimization 39
4.2 Triangular Elements for Magnetostatics 40
4.3 Matrix Equation 42
4.4 Finite-Element Models 44
Problems 48
References 49
5 Magnetic Force 51
5.1 Magnetic Flux Line Plots 51
5.2 Magnetic Energy 56
5.3 Magnetic Force on Steel 57
5.4 Magnetic Pressure on Steel 60
5.5 Lorentz Force 62
5.6 Permanent Magnets 62
5.7 Magnetic Torque 66
Problems 67
References 67
6 Other Magnetic Performance Parameters 69
6.1 Magnetic Flux and Flux Linkage 69
6.1.1 Definition and Evaluation 69
6.1.2 Relation to Force and Other Parameters 70
6.2 Inductance 72
6.2.1 Definition and Evaluation 72
6.2.2 Relation to Force and Other Parameters 74
6.3 Capacitance 75
6.3.1 Definition 75
6.3.2 Relation to Energy and Force 76
6.4 Impedance 77
Problems 80
References 80
Part II Actuators 83
7 Magnetic Actuators Operated by Direct Current 85
7.1 Solenoid Actuators 85
7.1.1 Clapper Armature 85
7.1.2 Plunger Armature 91
7.2 Voice Coil Actuators 96
7.3 Other Actuators Using Coils and Permanent Magnets 97
7.4 Proportional Actuators 98
7.5 Rotary Actuators 101
Problems 104
References 105
8 Magnetic Actuators Operated by Alternating Current 107
8.1 Skin Depth 107
8.2 Power Losses in Steel 108
8.2.1 Laminated Steel 108
8.2.2 Equivalent Circuit 109
8.2.3 Solid Steel 111
8.3 Force Pulsations 113
8.3.1 Force with Single AC Coil 113
8.3.2 Force with Added Shading Coil 114
8.4 Cuts In Steel 116
8.4.1 Special Finite-Element Formulation 117
8.4.2 Loss and Reluctance Computations 118
Problems 122
References 123
9 Magnetic Actuator Transient Operation 125
9.1 Basic Timeline 125
9.2 Size, Force, and Acceleration 125
9.3 Linear Magnetic Diffusion Times 128
9.3.1 Steel Slab Turnon and Turnoff 128
9.3.2 Steel Cylinder 131
9.4 Nonlinear Magnetic Diffusion Time 132
9.4.1 Simple Equation for Steel Slab with ”Step” B-H 132
9.4.2 Transient Finite-Element Computations for Steel Slabs 132
9.4.3 Simple Equation for Steel Cylinder with ”Step” B-H 135
9.4.4 Transient Finite-Element Computations for Steel Cylinders 136
Problems 138
References 142
Part III Sensors 143
10 Hall Effect and Magnetoresistive Sensors 145
10.1 Simple Hall Voltage Equation 145
10.2 Hall Effect Conductivity Tensor 146
10.3 Finite-Element Computation of Hall Fields 149
10.3.1 Unsymmetric Matrix Equation 149
10.3.2 2D Results 150
10.3.3 3D Results 156
10.4 Toothed Wheel Hall Sensors for Position 157
10.5 Magnetoresistance 159
10.5.1 Classical Magnetoresistance 159
10.5.2 Giant Magnetoresistance 160
10.5.3 Newest Forms of Magnetoresistance 160
10.6 Magnetoresistive Heads for Hard-Disk Drives 161
Problems 162
References 162
11 Other Magnetic Sensors 165
11.1 Speed Sensors Based on Faraday’s Law 165
11.2 Inductive Recording Heads 167
11.3 Proximity Sensors Using Impedance 169
11.3.1 Stationary Eddy Current Sensors 170
11.3.2 Moving Eddy Current Sensors 173
11.4 Linear Variable Differential Transformers 174
11.5 Magnetostrictive Sensors 177
11.6 Flux Gate Sensors 179
11.7 Magnetometers and Motes 181
Problems 186
References 186
Part IV Systems 189
12 Coil Design and Temperature Calculations 191
12.1 Wire Size Determination for DC Currents 191
12.2 Coil Time Constant and Impedance 194
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