Chapter 1: INFECTIOUS DISEASES (Suggested range according to usmle.org: 7-8%)?? ?1

PEARLS—High-yield Applications of Antibiotics?? ?1

EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT INFECTIONS?? ?5

RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS?? ?10

INFECTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)?? ?19

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INFECTIONS?? ?23

VIRAL HEPATITIS?? ?25

UROGENITAL INFECTIONS AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STD)?? ?30

UROGENITAL INFECTIONS?? ?30

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STD)?? ?34

OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS (OIs)?? ?40

BLOOD INFECTIONS AND RELATED DISEASES?? ?42

BONE, JOINT AND MUSCLE INFECTIONS?? ?47

ARTHROPOD-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC INFECTIONS?? ?50

Chapter 1: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?54



Chapter 2: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (Suggested range: 10-11%)?? ?71

CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS?? ?72

ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (IHD)—CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)?? ?75

DYSLIPIDEMIA?? ?88

SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION?? ?90

PULMONARY HEART DISEASE?? ?94

ENDOCARDIAL AND VALVULAR HEART DISEASES?? ?95

VALVULAR HEART DISEASES?? ?95

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES?? ?104

MYOCARDIAL DISEASES?? ?111

PERICARDIAL DISEASES?? ?115

VASCULAR DISEASES?? ?119

Chapter 2: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?122



Chapter 3: RESPIRATORY DISEASES (Suggested range: 7-8%)?? ?134

GAS EXCHANGE DISORDERS AND RESPIRATORY FAILURE?? ?135

OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES?? ?137

RESTRICTIVE AND INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES?? ?143

ALVEOLAR FILLING DISEASES?? ?148

DISEASES OF THE PULMONARY VASCULATURE?? ?150

PLEURAL DISEASES?? ?153

NEOPLASMS OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT?? ?154

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES?? ?158

Chapter 3: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?159



Chapter 4: DIGESTIVE AND NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS (Suggested range: 9-10%)?? ?166

DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS?? ?166

DISEASES OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM?? ?173

DISEASES OF THE PANCREAS?? ?178

DISEASES OF THE GALLBLADDER?? ?181

DISORDERS OF THE LIVER?? ?185

GENETIC BILIRUBINEMIA?? ?192

DISORDERS OF THE INTESTINE?? ?193

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD)?? ?197

NEOPLASMS OF THE INTESTINE?? ?201

HEMORRHAGE OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT?? ?203

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES?? ?205

NUTRITIONAL MEDICINE AND DISORDERS?? ?208

Chapter 4: High-yield Questions (YHQ)?? ?215



Chapter 5: ENDOCRINOLOGY (Suggested range: 7-8%)?? ?223

DISORDERS OF GLUCOSE AND FAT METABOLISM?? ?223

PITUITARY AND HYPOTHALAMIC DISEASES?? ?228

DISORDERS OF THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY LOBE?? ?229

DISORDERS OF THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY LOBE?? ?232

DISEASES OF THE THYROID?? ?234

DISORDERS OF THE PARATHYROID GLANDS?? ?242

DISORDERS OF THE ADRENAL GLAND?? ?245

HYPOGONADISM?? ?250

Chapter 5: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?252



Chapter 6: HEMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGIC DISORDERS (Suggested range: 9-10%)?? ?259

ANEMIAS?? ?259

NEUTROPENIA (LEUKOPENIA)?? ?270

COAGULOPATHY?? ?271

PLATELET DISORDERS?? ?275

HEMATOPOIETIC NEOPLASMS?? ?276

MYELOID NEOPLASMS?? ?282

MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS (MPNs)?? ?283

PLASMA CELL DISORDERS?? ?289

IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES?? ?292

ALLERGIC DISEASES?? ?292

PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISORDERS?? ?293

TRANSPLANTATION MEDICINE?? ?296

Chapter 6: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?298



Chapter 7: RENAL, UROGENITAL, ACID-BASE, AND ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS

(Suggested range: 8-9%)?? ?307

ACID-BASE DISORDER?? ?307

TUBULOINTERSTITIAL DISEASES?? ?308

GLOMERULAR DISEASES?? ?311

ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS?? ?316

NEPHROLITHIASIS?? ?320

RENAL CYSTIC DESEASES?? ?321

UROGENITAL NEOPLASMS?? ?322

MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS?? ?328

Chapter 7: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?330



Chapter 8: MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES (Suggested range: 8-9%)?? ?337

ARTHRITIS?? ?338

DEGENERATIVE AND CRYSTAL-INDUCED ARTHRITIS?? ?338

SERONEGATIVE ARTHRITIS?? ?341

AUTOIMMUNE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES?? ?342

VASCULITIS SYNDROMES?? ?348

PAIN SYNDROMES?? ?354

SPORTS MEDICINE — SPORTS INJURIES?? ?362

MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES?? ?365

ORTHOPEDIC NEOPLASMS?? ?368

Chapter 8: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?371



Chapter? 9: NEUROLOGY AND SPECIAL SENSES (Suggested range: 9-10%)?? ?379

NEUROLOGICAL TRAUMA AND INJURY?? ?379

HEAD TRAUMA AND BRAIN INJURY?? ?379

SPINAL CORD INJURY (SCI)?? ?381

CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES (STROKE)?? ?384

ISCHEMIC STROKE?? ?384

HEMORRHAGIC STROKE?? ?387

EPILEPSY AND SEIZURE DISORDERS?? ?389

HEADACHE?? ?392

NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS?? ?393

CENTRAL NERVOUS MYELINOPATHIES?? ?399

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES?? ?401

CENTRAL NERVOUS MOVEMENT DISORDERS?? ?403

INTRACRANIAL NEOPLASMS?? ?406

MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS?? ?407

VERTIGO AND DISEQUILIBRIUM?? ?409

HEARING DISORDERS?? ?411

OPHTHALMOLOGY—VISUAL DISORDERS?? ?412

Chapter 9: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?417



Chapter 10: DERMATOLOGY (Suggested range: 5-6%)?? ?427

COMMON TERMINOLOGY AND LESIONS IN DERMATOLOGY?? ?427

DERMATOLOGIC INFECTIONS?? ?428

VIRAL INFECTIONS?? ?428

BACTERIAL INFECTIONS?? ?431

FUNGAL INFECTIONS?? ?434

PARASITIC INFECTIONS?? ?436

IMMUNE-MEDIATED SKIN DISEASES?? ?437

DYSPLASIAS AND NEOPLASIAS?? ?444

MISCELLANEOUS SKIN DISORDERS?? ?450

Chapter 10: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?452



Chapter 11: GYNECOLOGY (Suggested range: 7-8%)?? ?458

AMENORRHEA AND RELATED DISORDERS?? ?458

ABNORMAL UTERINE-VAGINAL HEMORRHAGE?? ?462

GYNECOLOGIC INFECTIONS?? ?464

GYNECOLOGIC NEOPLASMS?? ?466

UTERINE NEOPLASMS?? ?466

CERVICAL AND VAGINAL NEOPLASMS?? ?468

OVARIAN MASSES?? ?471

OVARIAN NEOPLASMS?? ?472

BREAST DISEASES?? ?474

MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS?? ?477

CONTRACEPTION?? ?479

Chapter 11: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?480



Chapter 12: OBSTETRICS (Suggested range: 5-6%)?? ?487

PHYSIOLOGY OF NORMAL PREGNANCY?? ?487

NORMAL LABOR?? ?495

ABNORMAL LABOR?? ?496

MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY?? ?499

OBSTETRICAL COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY?? ?504

POSTNATAL (PUERPERIUM)?? ?509

TERATOLOGY?? ?511

Chapter 12: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?512



Chapter 13: PEDIATRICS (Suggested range: 9-10%)?? ?518

NEWBORN DISEASES?? ?518

DEVELOPMENT AND RELATED PROBLEMS .?? ?531

PEDIATRIC NUTRITION AND RELATED DISORDERS.?? ?531

PEDIATRIC INFECTIONS?? ?531

CONGENITAL INFECTIONS?? ?531

VIRAL INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN?? ?533

RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN?? ?534

CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES?? ?536

GENETIC SYNDROMES?? ?540

GENETIC METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES?? ?541

LYSOSOMAL AND GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASES?? ?542

Chapter 13: High-yield Questions (HYQ) ?? ?544



Chapter 14: EMERGENCY MEDICINE (Suggested range: 5-6%)?? ?551

SHOCK AND CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION?? ?551

ALTERED MENTAL STATUS?? ?552

ANAPHYLAXIS?? ?554

TOXICOLOGY?? ?555

INTOXICATIONS OF SPECIAL TOXIC SUBSTANCES?? ?556

INTERACTION, INTOXICATION AND DETOXIFICATION OF DRUGS?? ?561

THERMAL INJURIES?? ?565

DROWNING?? ?567

VENOMOUS BITES?? ?568



Chapter 15: SURGERY (Suggested range: 10-11%)?? ?569

TRAUMA AND INJURY?? ?569

CHEST TRAUMA?? ?570

ABDOMINAL TRAUMA?? ?574

PELVIC AND UROGENITAL TRAUMA?? ?576

EXTREMITY TRAUMA?? ?579

ORTHOPEDIC TRAUMA AND INJURIES ?? ?579

PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION?? ?585

COMPLICATIONS OF SURGERY?? ?586

ANALGESIA AND ANESTHESIA IN SURGERY AND OBSTETRICS?? ?587

VOLUME DISORDERS?? ?588

ABDOMINAL SURGERY?? ?590

Chapter 14-15: High-Yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?596



Chapter 16: PSYCHIATRY (Suggested range: 9-10%)?? ?610

BASICS?? ?610

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS?? ?612

DISRUPTIVE, IMPULSE-CONTROL, AND CONDUCT DISORDERS?? ?618

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS?? ?621

BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDERS?? ?625

NEUROTIC, STRESS-RELATED, AND SOMATOFORM DISORDERS?? ?627

ANXIETY DISORDERS?? ?627

TRAUMA- AND STRESSOR-RELATED DISORDERS?? ?631

PERSONALITY DISORDERS?? ?633

SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS?? ?637

SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND RELATED DISORDERS?? ?642

SUBSTANCE-RELATED AND ADDICTIVE DISORDERS?? ?646

FEEDING AND EATING DISORDERS?? ?652

SLEEP-WAKE DISORDERS?? ?655

SEXUAL DISORDERS?? ?660

MIX—SOCIAL SCIENCES: SUICIDALITY AND DEATH?? ?667

Chapter 16: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?667



Chapter 17: EPIDEMIOLOGY, BIOSTATISTICS, PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, AND MEDICAL ETHICS

(Range: 5-6%)?? ?675

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LITERATURE INTERPRETATION?? ?675

ASSESSMENT OF DISEASE FREQUENCIES?? ?675

ASSESSMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS?? ?677

ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND MEASURES OF EFFECT?? ?679

TYPES AND EVALUATIONS OF STUDIES?? ?681

BIOSTATISTICS AND LITERATURE INTERPRETATION?? ?683

INFERENTIAL STATISTICS ?? ?683

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE?? ?690

POPULATION HEALTH?? ?690

IMMUNIZATION AND VACCINATION?? ?696

MEDICAL AND RESEARCH ETHICS?? ?698

ABUSE?? ?703

Chapter 17: High-yield Questions (HYQ)?? ?706



NORMAL LAB VALUES OF IMPORTANCE?? ?715

INDEX?? ?718

ABBREVIATIONS?? ?725

HIGH-YIELD CLINICAL IMAGES?? ?729

Preface



　　This new edition of “Yale-G First Aid: Crush USMLE Step 2 CK & Step 3” has been continuously updated from the previous editions. According to the large volume of feedbacks on Amazon and to our author team from medical students and doctors in the US and around the world, this book has collected the most up-to-date, comprehensive, and high-yield clinical knowledge (CK) for the USMLE Step 2 CK and Step 3 as the best-rated one in the USMLE market. This book can be the equivalent of “First Aid for the USMLE Step 1” for the USMLE Step 2 CK. Important features of this book include:



　　1. Systematic, comprehensive, and concise reviews of most diseases and disorders that are frequently tested in the USMLE Step 2 CK and Step 3. They are composed of important concepts, etiologies, essentials of diagnoses, differential diagnoses, treatments, and preventive measures.



　　2. Well-organized contents in easy-to-remember formats, abbreviations, and more than 100 tables and figures with summaries and differential diagnoses, and with necessary details of high-yield “orderly steps” in the diagnosis and management of major diseases. Most important clinical points are in “PEARLS”, underlined, and bolded as priority contents.



　　3. 800 high-yield clinical questions in USMLE format to help you digest the fundamental knowledge.



　　4. 155 high-yield clinical color images with brief diagnostic features (in the back of book to cut cost) for deeper digestion and memory of the associated fundamental clinical knowledge.



　　After thorough digestion of this book followed by practice with the best Q-bank on UWorld.com and NBME.org Self-Assessments, with note-taking, you are ready to crush the USMLE Step 2 CK and Step 3 with high scores! ?



　　This book is your ticket to the USMLE and ECFMG Certification! It can also be a powerful study aid in medical school education in the US and around the world. The author’s team takes all feedbacks and corrections positively and thankfully with rewards and maintains frequent updates to make it better and better for the USMLE clinical knowledge.



　　Best wishes to all who appreciate this book!



　　Yale Gong, MD

　　Washington, D.C.



　　*www.usmle.org: “USMLE Step 3: Examinees are seeing increased numbers of items that assess an expanded range of competency-based content, including foundational science essential for effective healthcare; biostatistics, epidemiology, and population health; literature interpretation; medical ethics; and patient safety.”